Mathematical Virology: using cryptographic techniques to unlock the code governing how viruses reproduce.  Mathematician Reidun Twarock (U. York) describes:  "The Enigma machine metaphor is apt. The first observations pointed to the existence of some sort of a coding system, so we set about deciphering the cryptic patterns underpinning it using novel, purpose designed computational approaches. We found multiple dispersed patterns working together in an incredibly intricate mechanism and we were eventually able to unpick those messages. We have now proved that those computer models work in real viral messages." [1]

Paper: Revealing the density of encoded functions in a viral RNA, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2015
http://www-users.york.ac.uk/~rt50/JournalPublications_2014.html

Reidun Twarock:  http://maths.york.ac.uk/www/rt507

A Course in Mathematical Virology:  http://maths.york.ac.uk/www/node/14102

Source:
[1] http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/02/150204075224.htm