// Pre-Uruk V artifacts // 2020-02-01---Sat---21:39 // Source: CDLI query // https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/search_results.php?SearchMode=Text&requestFrom=Search&Period=Pre-Uruk&requestFrom=Submit+Query // Annotations marked (AKE) // 217 artifacts // 136 have images // 135 (62%) with no transliteration information recorded // 82 (38%) with transliterations // // Looking at the images and matching what's shown is the right way to analyze these artifacts. Just looking at the textual analysis can be misleading and lead to over-analysis. ============ SMOOTH BULLA ========= &P274842 = RKE 005 # note (AKE): this is a good example: https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P274842 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened #note (AKE): See article. found in Uruk (Warka), unopened with tokens within @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P274836 = RGK 20020126a #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P274837 = RGK 20020126b #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285662 = Before Writing I 121, fig. 65 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285639 = HD: W 20987,27 + W 10424 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285648 = MDP 43, 664 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. [...] , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P252148 = MS 3139/1 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ beginning broken $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253655 = MS 4640 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253656 = MS 4641 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253657 = MS 4642 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253658 = MS 4643 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253659 = MS 4644 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253660 = MS 4645 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254168 = MS 5097 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254181 = MS 5113 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254182 = MS 5114 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254183 = MS 5115 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254186 = MS 5118 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254192 = MS 5124 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254196 = MS 5128 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P519295 = Anonymous 519295 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a $ blank space # seal impression @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) ============ NUMERICAL BULLA ========= === Tokens with markings / double transliteration === &P274841 = MDP 43, 539 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): picture (Susa) ** excellent, but the transliterations are jumbled vs. the picture # note (AKE): https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P274841 @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? 3(N01~t)? 3(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): picture shows tokens matching 1(N34) 3(N01) 3(N39) #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system @envelope @surface a 1. 1(N34)? 3(N14)? 3(N39~b)? , #tr.en (AKE): picture shows surface indentations matching 1(N45) 3(N14) 3(N39) #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system but why the discrepancy between surface and token $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Grouping rules respected depending on metrological system used. === &P285653 = CahDAFI 8, 17 16 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 1(N14~t)? 7(N01~t) , #tr.en (AKE): See article. in SEG system, this would not have exceeded grouping rules as 10x N01 = 1x N14 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285652 = CahDAFI 8, 17 14 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 7(N14~t)? 3(N01~t) , #tr.en (AKE): See article. in SZE system, this would not have exceeded grouping rules since 10x N14 = 1x N45 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285655 = CahDAFI 8, 17 13 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 7(N01~t) , #tr.en (AKE): in SEG system, this would not have exceeded grouping rules since 10x N01 = 1 N14 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Ungrouping === &P285660 = M II 133 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 11(N01ni~t)#? , #tr.en (AKE): See article. clear ungrouping, in any system, as no unit is more than 10 of another @envelope @surface a 1. 11(N01) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285649 = CahDAFI 8, 17 12 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 8(N01~t) 3(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): See article. N39 suggests SZE sequence but then 8x N01 is ungrouped (since in SZE 6x N01 = 1x N45) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235741 = MS 4635 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): picture but not tokens @surface a 1. 6(N14~tf) 1(N14~t)? 8(N01~t)? 3(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): See article. N39 suggests SZE system, but then N01 breaks grouping rules (in SZE 6x N01 = 1x N14) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Double entry / Tokens & surface markings === &P283935 = M II 134 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 6(N01ni~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): Interesting double-entry seems to be an attempt to specify quantity and commodity. The first entry counts 6 in the SEG system. The second uses N03 from SZE' system but lists it ungrouped, as 6x N03 = 1x N18. Which one is the token? (No image). @envelope @surface a 1. 6(N03)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285659 = CahDAFI 8, 15 02 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 1(N34~t) 4(N14~t) 1(N01~t) , #tr.en (AKE): See article. Interesting double entry. N34 after N14 suggests SEG sequence, with first 3 of 3 entries 1,10,60. Value is 60+40+1 = 101 in SEG. These could be token indicators. @envelope @surface a 1. 1(N45)? 4(N14) 1(N01) , #tr.en (AKE): These could be value interpretation in the commodity sequence (all of the possible interpretations I can think of are complicated). N45 after N14 suggests SZE sequence, but skipping first entry N39. Value is 300+120+5 = 425 in SZE. $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Scribal error or Large number representation experiments? === &P285635 = HD: W 20987,17 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 1(N34~t) 4(N14~t) 1(N01~t) 3(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): See article. N39 suggests SZE sequence but interesting because N45 is skipped. Why? Maybe because N14 is 30, and so N34 is 30x30 or 900 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Rest &P285661 = Before Writing I 111, fig. 58 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 1(N34~t)? 2(N14~t) , #tr.en (AKE): sequence N14 < N34 suggests SEG system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P274833 = BagM 26, 007-033, pls. 31-34,.W 20987,11 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened # note (AKE): x-ray of interior @surface a 1. 2(N45~t) 2(N14~t) 2(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system and has 3 of 4 parts of the early integer sequence 1, [5], 30, 300 (N01 = 5 is missing) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285656 = CahDAFI 8, 16 08 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 1(N14~t)? 1(N01~t) 1(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE sequence with first 3 of 3 entries 1,5,30 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285658 = CahDAFI 8, 15 01 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 3(N14~t) 5(N01~t) , #tr.en (AKE): double-entry - interesting two identical inscriptions @envelope @surface a 1. 3(N14) 5(N01) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285651 = CahDAFI 8, 18 17 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture (Susa) @surface a 1. 1(N01~t)? 1(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): sequences suggests SZE system (N39 > N01) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285629 = HD: W 20987,03 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture (Uruk) @surface a 1. 1(N14~t) 1(N39~t)? N , #tr.en (AKE): sequence suggests SZE system skipping N01 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285632 = HD: W 20987,12 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): picture @surface a 1. 5(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285631 = HD: W 20987,09 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): picture @surface a 1. 4(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285634 = HD: W 20987,15 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 4(N14~t) 1(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): sequence suggests SZE system (N39 > ... > N14) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285636 = HD: W 20987,18 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 2(N34~t)? 1(N01~t)? 1(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): sequence suggests SZE system but skips N14 and N45 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285637 = HD: W 20987,20 #atf: lang qpc # note (AKE): no picture @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? 2(N39~t)? X , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system but skips N01 and N14 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285638 = HD: W 20987,22 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): no picture @surface a 1. 3(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285643 = MDP 43, 467 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # note (AKE): picture (Susa) @surface a 1. 1(N45~t) 1(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system but skips N01 and N14 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285645 = MDP 43, 555 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 3(N01~t) 3(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system @envelope @surface a 1. 3(N01) 3(N39~b)? , #tr.en (AKE): double entry, why? $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285641 = MDP 43, 486 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 7(N14~t) , #tr.en (AKE): grouped if in SZE system (where N14 can go 10x) @envelope @surface a 1. 1(N34)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P274843 = HD: W 20987,07 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 7(N01ni~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): SEG system would be consistent with grouping rules (10xN01 = 1x N14) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254193 = MS 5125 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 8(N14)? , #tr.en (AKE): grouped N14 suggests SZE system, ungrouped would be SEG system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254185 = MS 5117 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N14~t)? 1(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system but skips N01 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254187 = MS 5119 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 1(N01~t)? 1(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254188 = MS 5120 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 2(N01~t) 2(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235742 = MS 4636 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 6(N14~t)? 2(N01~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): Consistent with grouping rules if SZE system (since in SEG 6x N14 = 1x N34) $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254169 = MS 5098 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 2(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === Uncommented &P274835 = BagM 26, 007-033, pls. 31-34,.W 20987,16 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 5(N14~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285654 = CahDAFI 8, 15 03 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 6(N01~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285650 = CahDAFI 8, 16 06 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 3(N01~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285657 = CahDAFI 8, 17 11 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. [1(N14~t)?] 2(N01~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285633 = HD: W 20987,13 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 4(N14~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P252147 = MS 3138 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 2(N14~t)? N , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285647 = MDP 43, 553 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 5(N14~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235740 = MS 4634 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t) 4(N14~t) 3(N01~t) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254194 = MS 5126 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 1(N45) 2(N14) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254195 = MS 5127 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. N 6(N01~t)? , # N are embedded, fused tokens in cavity $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254189 = MS 5121 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? 2(N14~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254190 = MS 5122 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 3(N14~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254191 = MS 5123 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 4(N14~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254170 = MS 5099 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 1(N14~t)? 1(N01~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P254184 = MS 5116 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla # unopened @surface a 1. 2(N34~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235743 = MS 4637 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N34~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235744 = MS 4638 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P253654 = MS 4639 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235745 = MS 4646 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) === in progress &P285630 = HD: W 20987,08 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 5(N64~t) 2(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system. N64 are new physical tokens (prisms) not found in later periods $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285646 = MDP 43, 488 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 3(N65~t) 2(N66~t) 4(N64~t) 2(N45~t) 4(N14~t) , #tr.en (AKE): sequence (N45 after N14) suggests SZE system with 3 physical tokens (N64-N66) that do not get used in later periods. $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P281696 = MDP 43, 460bis #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 2(N67~t)? 1(N34~t)? 2(N01~t) 2(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system with N67 as new physical token (bi-conic) not found in later periods @envelope @surface a 1. 3(N14) 3(N01) , $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285644 = MDP 43, 582 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N67~t)? 2(N14~t) 3(N01~t) 2(N39~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system with new notation for N67 before N45, N67 is not used in later periods. @envelope @surface a 1. 1(N28)? , #tr.en (AKE): fraction (1/4) - only attestation in pre-Uruk V and does not show well on bulla surface in image #web (AKE): https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P285644 $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235737 = MS 4631 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t)? 4(N14~t)? 2(N01~t)? 4(N41~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N41 suggests SZE'' system, but then rest rises with SZE system $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P285642 = MDP 43, 581 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 1(N45~t) 6(N14~t) 1(N39~t) , #tr.en (AKE): N39 suggests SZE system, has first 3 of first 4 of the sequence respecting, but skips N01 (value 5). Seq: 1 [5] 30 300 @envelope @surface a 1. N 6(N57) N , #tr.en (AKE): tally $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235738 = MS 4632 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 5(N34~t)? 1(N45~t)? 7(N14~t)? 3(N01~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): N45 before N34 suggests SZE system, has 4 of 5 of the sequence, apart from N39 first entry $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P235739 = MS 4633 #atf: lang qpc @object bulla @surface a 1. 4(N14~tf)? 1(N14~t)? , #tr.en (AKE): area layout? $ blank space # seal impressions @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) ============================ &P254127 = MS 5044/12 #atf: lang qpc @object tag @obverse $ blank space # seal impression @reverse $ blank space # seal impression @seal 1 $ (no linguistic content) &P009479 = RA 026, 017, 09 06 @object disc # note (AKE): Scheil identifies SAL sign (1929) but this is not yet considered established @obverse @column 1 1. X